Fungi

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A fungus (: fungi or funguses) is any member of the group of organisms that includes microorganisms such as s and s, as well as the more familiar s. These organisms are classified as a, fungi, which is separate from the other eukaryotic life kingdoms of s and s.

A characteristic that places fungi in a different kingdom from plants, bacteria, and some protists is in their s. Similar to animals, fungi are s; they acquire their food by absorbing dissolved molecules, typically by secreting s into their environment. Fungi do not. Growth is their means of mobility, except for spores (a few of which are flagellated), which may travel through the air or water. Fungi are the principal s in ecological systems. These and other differences place fungi in a single group of related organisms, named the Eumycota (true fungi or Eumycetes), which share a (form a  group), an interpretation that is also strongly supported by. This fungal group is distinct from the structurally similar (slime molds) and s (water molds). The discipline of devoted to the study of fungi is known as  (from the  μύκης mykes, mushroom). In the past, mycology was regarded as a branch of, although it is now known fungi are genetically more closely related to animals than to plants.

Abundant worldwide, most fungi are inconspicuous because of the small size of their structures, and their lifestyles in soil or on dead matter. Fungi include of plants, animals, or other fungi and also. They may become noticeable when, either as mushrooms or as molds. Fungi perform an essential role in the decomposition of organic matter and have fundamental roles in nutrient and exchange in the environment.