Forward and backward thinking

When we use forward-thinking we start with a goal and ask what actions we need to perform to achieve that goal.
 * For example: I need groceries therefore I need to drive to the Shopping Center.

When we use backward-thinking (usually called lateral thinking) we start with an action and ask what goal it could be part of.
 * For example: Since I am already at the shopping center now would be a good time to get groceries.