Timeline of Greek history


 * See also:

This is a timeline of Ancient Greece from its emergence around 800 BC to its subjection to the in 146 BC.

Archaic Greece

 * (800 BC – 481 BC).
 * is settled by n Greeks from and
 * is founded by
 * Traditional date for the first historic games.
 * The starts. (Date disputed by,  and ; this estimate is based on a reading of Diodorus' Spartan king lists and Pausanias' description of the war).
 * 757 Athens: Office of reduced to 10 years. Members of the ruling family to possess the office starting with Charops. (Dating based on Pausanias).
 * is settled by
 * becomes king of.
 * is founded by ns
 * is founded by Euboeans
 * Alternate date for the end of the.
 * Rhegion and Zancle join in union under Zancle
 * flees from to ia and conquers the land.
 * sends colonists to Italy.
 * 734 Syracuse is founded by ians and ns
 * 734 is founded by Korinthians
 * is founded by Euboeans
 * 733 is founded by ns
 * Euboea splits between and  due to disputes
 * is founded by
 * 731 is founded by Chalcidians
 * is founded by Naxos and controlled by the tyrant
 * 730 Troliton is abandoned and settlers settled in Leontini
 * Troliton settlers are ostracized from Leontini and settle
 * –717, archon of Athens, kills his daughter's adulterer by yoking him to his chariot and then locks his daughter in with a horse until she dies. (Pausanias and ).
 * c. 725 between  and . Many Greek cities are allied with one or the other. Dates before this time uncertain.
 * Thapsos abandoned and is settled by the Thapsos settlers
 * /710s s on
 * Korinth removes the ns from Kerkyra
 * 720: is founded by   from
 * , King of Sparta, i s murdered by Polymarchus.
 * is founded and annexed by Zancle
 * 716 According to legend: The reign of the s over is ended when, known as  to the Greeks, is murdered by Gyges because of his wife's anger.
 * Lydia annexes and  and sieges
 * Lydia abandons the siege of Smyrna and annexes parts of and
 * 712 Korinth annexes from Megara
 * Eretrian abandonment of Andros
 * is founded by Achaeans
 * is founded by Dorians
 * is annexed by Megara Hyblaea
 * Korinth gives 4 ships
 * is founded by
 * 700 Erythra is annexed by Rhegion
 * is founded by Kroton and Sybaris
 * Euarchus is overthrown by Leontini
 * is occupied by Chalcis
 * is founded by Ionians
 * is founded and annexed by Mytilene
 * becomes tyrant of Argos.
 * Gela is founded by and Rodians
 * Arisba is annexed by and Mytilene declares war on Methymna
 * Annual office of established in Athens. Any Athenian  can be elected to the office if they have the qualifications.  elected first annual archon. (Dating based on Pausanias).
 * Methymna is annexed by Mytilene
 * 686 Megara gains independence from Korinth
 * The second begins.
 * 685 is founded by Megarans
 * is founded by
 * is founded by Ionians
 * is occupied by Korinth
 * is settled by
 * Melia is destroyed by Samos and, Samos builds to replace it and Samos and Priene split Melia
 * Miletus is sieged by Lydia, Priene is annexed by Lydia, Samos annexes former Melian territory
 * or 668
 * Lydia abandons siege of Mietus
 * is founded by Korinthians
 * The second Messenian war ends.
 * Corcyran Revolt and in Ancient Greece between Corcyra and Korinthos
 * 664 is founded and annexed by Syracuse
 * subjects to tyranny.
 * 657 Founding of Lekas by Corinth
 * and are founded by i
 * is founded by tes
 * Ephesus and Priene are sacked b y
 * Levantine War ends, Chalcis wins and annexes Levantine Plain
 * The Pontic Pentapolis:, , , , and , all on the.
 * 650 Andros, and  gain independence from Eretria, Cypselus leaves Karystus
 * 650 Syracuse annexes
 * is founded by Zancleans
 * –560 n wars with all unsuccessful
 * is founded and annexed by Syracuse
 * –630 Drought on
 * founded by Tyrant and Korinthians
 * , Athenian noble, seizes and tries unsuccessfully to make himself king
 * establishes a Greek colony in in.
 * is founded and annexed by Syracuse
 * 630 is established by  settlers in order to facilitate trade with the native.
 * 630 Founding of by Samos
 * 630 Formal is introduced, first in Crete, as a means of population control and an educational modality.
 * is founded by Hyblaea Megarans
 * is founded by Kerkyreans
 * 627 Cypselus is succeeded by
 * Establishment of
 * , Athenian lawgiver, issues code of laws, with many crimes punishable by death.
 * 621 is annexed by Korinth
 * Herbessus is annexed by Syracuse
 * Miletus is sieged by Lydia
 * Leontini is overthrown by Panaetius
 * Miletus is overthrown by
 * (modern city ) is founded by
 * Panaetius is oust by Leontini
 * Gorgus is succeeded by
 * Lydia abandons the Siege of Miletus
 * Athenai annexes Sigeion
 * Miletus and Korinth become allies
 * founded by Greeks (approximate date).
 * 600 is  by Ionians
 * is founded and annexed by Syracuse
 * 598 is founded and annexed by Syracuse
 * gains independence from
 * is founded by Samosi
 * is annexed by Athens
 * 595 Start of the
 * Kirrha is sieged by
 * 594, Athenian statesman, becomes pre-582BCE (cf. ML6 and  Sol. 14)—later, when member of the  is appointed to effect social reforms in order to preserve order in , which include the abolition of the security of debts on a debtor's person (Aristotle Ath. Pol. 6), returning exiled Athenian slaves (Solon fr. 4 in Ath. Pol. 12), changing the value of weights and measures to the Korinthian standard, prohibiting the export of grain from  and encouraging the planting of olives (Plut. Sol. 22-4), established the property classes (Ar. Ath. Pol. 7) and the council of 400 (Ar. Ath. Pol. 8).
 * Ephesus is sieged by Persia
 * Siege of is abandoned, Lydia annexes Smyrna and -Lydian war starts
 * 590 Muorica (Renamed ) is annexed by Syracuse
 * 590, Greek poet, flourishes on island of.
 * Klazomenai is sieged by Lydia
 * is founded by Sybaris
 * Siege of Klazomenai is abandoned by Lydia
 * Death of tyrant of Corcyra
 * 586 gains independence from
 * Kirrha is destroyed
 * 585 Lydian-Median border set at
 * 585 The philosopher of  predicts a solar eclipse that occurs during the.
 * 585 Periander is overthrown by
 * 585 End of the First Sacred War
 * 585: Destruction of
 * Psammetichus is overthrown by Korinth
 * is founded by Gelans
 * 582: First recorded
 * Selinus attacks
 * 581 Korinth join the
 * Foundation of
 * 580 Selinus is defeated by and withdraws from Motya
 * 580 Periander is overthrown by democrats in Ambrakia
 * 580 joins the Peloponnesian League
 * 580 is founded by i
 * Thrasybulos dies
 * , also known as Ampurias (Greek: Ἐμπόριον, Catalan: Empúries [əmˈpuɾiəs], Spanish: Ampurias [amˈpuɾjas]), a town on the Mediterranean coast of the Catalan comarca of Alt Empordà in Catalonia, Spain is founded by Greek colonists from Phocaea with the name of Ἐμπόριον (Emporion, meaning "trading place", cf. emporion).
 * and are annexed by Elis
 * Akragas is overthrown by
 * 570 ns from Massalia (modern day ) founded the colony of.
 * is born.
 * , Athenian general, organizes, party of poor people.

Late Archaic Period

 * takes power in for first time.
 * Ephesus is sieged by Lydia
 * 560 Phalaris annexes Himera
 * Ephesus is annexed by Lydia
 * 559-550 Lydia annexes and Ionia
 * 559 is founded and annexed by Mytilene
 * Argos is overthrown by
 * is overthrown by
 * Helike is established by Greeks from the Achaian city of Helice
 * 555 driven out by Lycurgus who is commander of nobles.
 * 555 unites  under his rule
 * Phalaris is overthrown by Akragas and Himera gains independence
 * Kamarina declares independence from Syracuse
 * Kamarina is annexed by Syracuse
 * Telemachus overthrows Akragas
 * is founded by Selinus
 * 550 is established by the  city of.
 * 550 is born
 * restored by help of.
 * 549 is founded
 * sieges Sigeion
 * Athens repulses the Lesbans and Sigeion (Now ruled by Hegesistratos) becomes an Athenian vassal
 * annexes, and  from
 * 546, rich king of , captured at by.
 * Miletus is overthrown by Molpagoras
 * 545 becomes Tyrant of
 * 545 The colony of   is founded by  and.
 * starts its Golden Age
 * ,, is founded by colonists who had to flee  in consequence of their conflict with.
 * expelled, makes fortune from mines.
 * 542 The colony of  was built by.
 * Telemachus is overthrown by
 * Naxan vassalization of
 * 540 Selinus is overthrown by
 * Sybaris conquers Siris
 * 538 Samos is overthrown by
 * Samos annexes South from Miletus
 * Perilaus dies
 * Athens starts extracting from
 * Croton is overthrown by
 * 532 restored by  and.
 * is annexed by Samos
 * becomes a Carthaginian vassal
 * 530 is founded by exiled Gelans
 * 530 Tegea joins the Peloponnesian League
 * Leo dies
 * Maktorion is abandoned and the settlers move to Gela
 * dies, succeeded by sons and.
 * 527 and  are annexed by Samos
 * Cylonius is overthrwon by Kroton
 * Netum is annexed by Syracuse
 * 525 The city of Euesperides, (modern day ) is founded by people from
 * 525 Persian, son of takes Egypt.
 * Samos annexes
 * 524 Lgydamis of Naxos is overthrown
 * Chalcedon is annexed by Persian Empire
 * Death of Polycrates of Samos and succession of
 * Overthrow of Maiandros by Persian backed
 * Peithagoras overthrows Theron
 * Plataea leaves the Boeotian League and is sieged by the latter
 * 519 Miltiades is overthrown by Stesagoras
 * 519 Abydos declares independence from Stesagoras and is led by the Persian Tyrant
 * Athens repulses the Boeotians from Plataea
 * Sybaris is overthrown by
 * Miltiades II an Athenian Tyrant succeeds Stesagoras and reincorporates Abydos
 * 516 Cassaibile is annexed by Syracuse
 * Molpagoras is succeeded by
 * 515 becomes sole ruler after the death of.
 * , Lesbos and Abydos is annexed by Persian Empire
 * Miltiades II defects from Athens to Persia
 * 513 is founded by Ionians
 * 513 Persia annexes (Region)
 * 513, a failed Greek attempt to build a city under the leadership of.
 * Antandrus is annexed by Persian Empire
 * 512 Persian vassalization of Naxos
 * is founded and annexed by Athens
 * 511 Thracian Chernessos is annexed by Persian Empire
 * Kroton annexes Sybaris and overthrows Telys
 * 510 establishes his own school.
 * 510 Peithagoras is overthrown by
 * 510 Minoa is renamed Heraclea Minoa
 * 510 Cinyps is annexed by Carthage
 * Andros and Naxos are annexed by Persian Empire
 * 508 is forced to leave Athens.
 * Plataea is sieged by Boeotian League
 * 507, Greek reformer, takes power, increases democracy.
 * Boeotian League is repulsed from Plataea by Athens
 * 506 Cumae is overthrown by
 * 506 Alcamenes is overthrown by
 * 506 The is conquered by Athens and becomes a
 * Hegesistratos of Sigeion dies
 * 505 overthrows Gela
 * overthrows Croton
 * 504 Taras the
 * declares independence from the Persian Empire
 * Euryleon is overthrown by Selinus
 * dies in Croton, Italy, when he was in Metapontum?
 * 500 Heraclea Minoa is sacked by Carthage
 * 500 and  are hellenized and  is founded by Leontini
 * Miletus Siege of Naxos (Naxan Victory)
 * 499 Independence of Paros
 * 499 Alcandros is overthrown by Akragas
 * 499 Ionian Revolt starts
 * 499 Éphesos, Klazomenai, Mílētos, Samos,, , Samos, Mytilene, , , and Priene declare independence from Persian Empire
 * (Except ),, , Abydos, , , , Myrcinos, Tenedos, , and declare independence from Persian Empire
 * 498 Amathos is sieged by Cyprus
 * 498 Cleander is overthrown by
 * 498 Hippocrates vassalized Leontini and puts as tyrant
 * 498 Licodia is annexed by Syracuse
 * is sieged by Athens
 * 497 Dardanos, Myrcinos, Abydos, Kyme, Klazomenai, Percote, Lampsakos, Cyprus, Cios and Paesos are reannexed by Persian Empire
 * 497 Catania is vassalized by Hippocrates and Deinmenes is put in charge as tyrant
 * 497 Persian Empire occupies all Carian land north of (Carian)
 * Byzantium is overthrown by Histiaeos
 * 496 Myrcinos is reannexed by the Persian Empire
 * 496 Athenian Tyrant Miltiades II annexes Thracian Chernessos
 * 496 Naxos is vassalized by Hippocrates
 * Cleinias dies
 * Rhegium is overthrown by
 * 494 Zancle is vassalized by Hippocrates and put in charge
 * 494 Priene, Samos and Miletus are annexed by Persian Empire
 * Byzantium sieges Thasus
 * 493 Ionian revolt crushed
 * 493 Zancle is settled by Samian refugees and renamed Messene
 * 493 Zancle is conquered by Rhegion
 * Kamarina (now rebuilt) and Ergezio are vassalized by Hippocrates
 * 492 Abdera and Thracian Chernessos are annexed by the Persian Empire
 * Hippocrates is overthrown by n
 * 491 is founded by Rhegion
 * Aristodemus dies
 * 490 Persian conquest of
 * 490 Persian Siege of Naxos (Naxan Victory)
 * 490 Persian conquest of Paros
 * 490 Persian sacking of
 * 490 and, Athenians, defeat  at ,  runs with news.
 * 490 Taras defeats the Iapygians in battle
 * Akragas is overthrown by
 * Himera is overthrown by
 * Gelon annexes Syracuse (Except Kamarina and Licodia), Gela is given to
 * Kamarina is destroyed by Gelon
 * 484, Athenian playwright wins his first victory at the.
 * Megara Hyblaea and Licodia are destroyed by Gelon
 * 483 Theron puts his son in charge of Himera as his vassal
 * Andros, and Akanthus among many other Greek  declare allegiance to Persia
 * 481 The Naxos,, Sparta, Athens, Korinth, and many other Greek Poleis form the  to fight against the Persian Empire

Classical Greece

 * (480 BC – 323 BC).
 * Aegina and Andros are impressed into the Hellenic League
 * 480 ousts Carthaginian influences
 * 480, n, sacrifices 300 Spartan soldiers at the so main force can escape;  son of Darius is commanding the Persians.
 * 480 Croton, Leucas and Corcyra joins the Hellenic League
 * 480 Simultaneous with Thermopylae, the Greeks and Persians fight to a draw in the naval.
 * 480 Boeotia, and  are occupied by Persia
 * 480 :, Athenian general, lures Persians into Bay of , Xerxes loses and goes home, leaves behind.
 * 480 Possibly simultaneous with the Battle of Salamis, between Carthage and Akragas (Theron)-Syracuse (Gelon)-Himera (Thrasydaeus)
 * , Greek general routs at the.
 * 479
 * 479 Rhodes, Samos, Kos and many Greek cities in Persia begin to declare independence
 * 479 Paros is vassalized by Athens
 * 479 Athens annexes
 * 479 is sieged by Athens
 * 479 Boeotian League is dissolved by Hellenic League
 * 479  overthrows
 * is sieged by Athens
 * 478 is founded by Athens and is soon joined by Ionia,, , Euboea, , Rhodes, , Athenai, Paros, Troezen, , Doris, Aeolis, Andros, , Akanthos, Samos, Chalcis, Eretria, Chios, Methymna, Chalkidiki, Mutilḗnē, Sigeion, Éphesos and many others
 * 478 Gelon dies and is succeeded by Hieron, is put in control of Gela
 * The Persian Empire abandons except  and
 * 477 Chalcedon, Byzantium, Carystus,, Perinthos and others join the Delian League
 * 477 Andros is turned into an Athenian
 * becomes Tyrant of Rhegion after Anaxilas' death
 * 476 Catania is split between Hieron and Ducetius, Catania is renamed, settled by Dorians and ruled by the Tyrant
 * 476 Taras allies with Rhegion to protect themselves from the Iapygians, but later lose to them in battle
 * 476 Himera is settled by colonists
 * 476 Sybaris declares independence from Kroton
 * 476–462 elected general each year
 * Sybaris is annexed by Kroton
 * 475 Abdera and Eion join the Delian League
 * 475 is annexed by Athens
 * 474 Naxos joins the Delian League
 * 474 Hieron occupies the
 * 474, Greek poet relocates to (in Greece) from court at.
 * Taras is defeated by the Iapygians
 * Thrasydaeus annexes Akragas after death of Theron
 * Naxos leaves the Delian League and is subsequently sieged by Athens
 * 471.
 * , Hēmeroskopeion (Ἡμεροσκοπεῖον) is founded by . (Διάνιον), named from a temple of Ephesia Artemis built upon it (goddess was called Diana in Latin).
 * 470 Naxos is impressed into the Delian League
 * 470 Ducetius annexes Ergezio
 * 470 The new urban zone of (Νεάπολις) was founded by citizens of the nearby Greek city of  on the plain of  after the victorious
 * is annexed by Mytilene
 * 469 Klazomenai, Phaselis, Aspendos, Doris and Priene join the Delian League
 * Thrasydaeus is overthrown by Akragas
 * 468, Greek playwright, defeats for Athenian Prize for drama.
 * Micythus steps down to
 * Taras is defeated by the Iapygians
 * 466 Taras' monarchy is overthrown by democrats
 * 466 succeeds Hieron
 * leaves the Delian League and is sieged by Athens
 * 465 Abydos and Troad join the Delian League
 * 465 Thracian Chernessos is annexed by Athens
 * 465 Deinmenes II, Aenesidemus, Thrasybulos and Polyzelos are overthrown by their respective cities
 * Thasus is impressed into the Delian League
 * Megara leaves the Peloponnesian League
 * Catania, Naxos and Catania declare independence from Syracuse, Dorian settlers are removed from Catania
 * 461 Kamarina is refounded under the Tyranny of
 * 461 ostracized.
 * 461 Thera joins the Peloponnesian League
 * 461 Messene and Rhegion separate and oust Leophron
 * Taras defeats the Iapygians
 * 460 Aetna is founded
 * 460 Starts
 * Aegina is sieged by Athens
 * 459: is annexed by Ducetius
 * 459-455, destruction of the Athenian fleet by
 * Imbros is annexed by Athens
 * Aegina is impressed into the Delian League
 * 457 Delphi is annexed by Phocis
 * 457, Athenian statesman begins , he was taught by , who believed in dualistic Universe and atoms.
 * 457 Boeotia (Except Thebes), Phocis and Locris join the Delian League
 * Gythium is raided by Athens
 * 456 joins the Delian League
 * 456 join Ducetius
 * 456 dies.
 * is impressed into the Delian League and settled with Messenian
 * is annexed by Ducetius
 * 454 Movement of Delian treasury to Athens and start of the First Athenian Empire
 * 454 Athenian annexation of Delos
 * is founded by Ducetius
 * Akragas and Aetna are annexed by Ducetius, Ducetius sieges Motyon
 * 452 is founded by Sybarites
 * Athens sieges
 * 451 is occupied by Ducetius
 * Naxos becomes a cleurchy
 * 450 Akragas and Motyon are liberated from Ducetius starting a decades long conflict between Syracuse+friends and the Sicels
 * Delphi declares independence from Phocis
 * 449 Ducetius abandons the he created and is forced to go into exile at Korinth
 * 449 Morgantina is annexed Syracuse
 * 449, Greek Historian, writes from 490–479.
 * Delphi is annexed by Phocis
 * and, Greek architects, begin construction of the.
 * 447 Nea Sybaris is annexed by Kroton
 * 447 Chalcis leaves the Delian League and is sieged by Athens
 * Phocis, Locris and Boeotia leave the Delian League, Boeotia unites into the Boeotian League and joins the Peloponnesian League
 * Megara joins the Peloponnesian League
 * 446 is founded by Ducetius
 * 446 and  leave the Peloponnesian League and join the Delian League
 * 446-445 Euboean Revolt
 * Euboea is impressed into the Delian League
 * 445 becomes an Athenian cleurchy
 * 445 First Peloponnesian War Ends
 * 445 Troezen is impressed into the Peloponnesian League
 * Thurii is founded by Sybarites and Various
 * , Greek playwright, wins Athenian prize.
 * 441 is founded by Sybarites exiled from Thurii
 * Samos leaves the Delian League and is sieged by Athens
 * 440 Palike is destroyed, ending the Sicel Federation
 * 440 Ducetius dies
 * Samos is impressed into the Delian League
 * Founding of the
 * Newly founded annexes Eion
 * 437 Athens allies with
 * -Epidamos War
 * , Greek sculptor, completes statue of Zeus at Elis, 1 of 7 wonders of the world.
 * Epidamos becomes a democracy
 * 434 Epidamos is annexed by Korinth
 * 434 Kerkyra allies with Taulantii and siege Epidamos
 * 434 Kerkyra seizes Outer Epidamos (City)
 * 434
 * 434 Kerkyra raids
 * 434 Kerkyra joins Delian League
 * 433 is annexed by Korinth
 * Psaumis dies
 * 432 Potidaea leaves the Delian League and is by Athens
 * 432 is sieged by Athens
 * 432 End of "Golden Age" of Athens
 * commanded by King prepares to destroy  thus starting the.
 * 431 Plataea is sieged by Thebes
 * 431 and  is occupied by Athens
 * 431 Aegina is annexed by Athens
 * 431, Greek doctor, believes body has.
 * Athens abandons the Siege of Pydna
 * 430 is impressed into the Delian League
 * 430 Spartan Siege of Zakynthos (Local Victory)
 * 430 Failed peace mission by, year,  takes no prisoners.
 * 430, Greek philosopher, believes every natural event has natural cause. Athenian Plague begins in Athens.
 * Herakleion is annexed by
 * 429 Potidaea is impressed into the Delian League
 * 429 All Chalkidiki cities (Except Mende, Acanthus, Scione, Stagirus and Aphytis) leave the Delian League
 * 429 Athens Siege of (Local Victory)
 * 429, Athenian admiral, wins the.
 * 429 dies of Athenian Plague, possibly  or.
 * 429, Greek doctor, believes diseases have physical cause.
 * 429 First Battle of Naupaktos (Athenian Victory)
 * born.
 * 428 Mytilene and leave the Delian league and Mytilene is sieged by Athens, Antissa is sieged by Methymna
 * 428 Illios joins the Delian League
 * Suppression of Mytilene, Antissa is annexed by Methymna, Mytilene becomes an Athenian Cleurchy, Mytilene Troad joins the Delian League as independent cities
 * 427 dies,, Greek admiral sent to help , raids  and flees after seeing Athenian might.  Athenian Plague returns.
 * 427 Plataea is impressed into the Boeotian League and by extension, the Peloponnesian League
 * 427, Greek playwright, wins Athenian Prize.
 * 427 Corcyran Civil War (Democratic Victory)
 * 427 begins
 * 426 Megara occupies Pegae
 * 426 Athens sieges Lecus
 * 426 Pylos, Messene, Mylae, and  are occupied by Athens, Pylos is founded by escaped
 * 426
 * 426 Amfissa joins the Peloponnesian League
 * 426 join the Delian League
 * , Athenian general, and, Athenian demagogue, revitalizes Athenian forces, makes bold plans opposed by , his first military campaign barely succeeds.
 * 426 Ambrakia occupies and
 * 426 and  are founded and join the Delian League
 * 425 Acarnania occupies Olpae and Argos
 * Athenian fleet bottles up Spartan navy at, resigns.
 * 425 Herakleion is impressed into the Delian League
 * 425 Athens occupies
 * 425 Morgantina is annexed by Kamarina
 * 425 Ozolian Locris joins the Peloponnesian League
 * 425 Athens withdraws from Lecas and
 * 425 Athens withdraws from Messene and Mylae is impressed into the Delian League
 * 424 Herakleion is annexed by Makedonia
 * 424 Eion, Akanthus and Amphipolis are sieged by Sparta
 * 424 Stagira joins the Peloponnesian League
 * 424 Nisaia, and are occupied by Athenai
 * 424 Thyrea is occupied by Athens
 * First Athenian Intervention in Sicily ends
 * of Thebes (in Greece) crushes Athenian army at the, a Spartan general, has a successful campaign in the , Cleon exiles  for 20 years for arriving late.
 * 423 Sparta occupied Amphipolis and Scione
 * 423 Torone is occupied by Makedonia
 * 423 Akanthus joins the Peloponnesian League
 * supposed to stop Brasidas but doesn't, Nicias commands Athenian forces in retaking.
 * 423 Olynthus form the independent of the Delian League
 * 422 Stagira is sieged by Athens
 * 422 Neapolis is annexed by Rome
 * 422 Torone and Scione are impressed into the Delian League
 * Cleon meets Brasidas outside of Amphipolis, both are killed.
 * 422 Syracuse annexes the now weak Leontini
 * brings temporary end to war, but, a nephew of , makes anti-Sparta alliance.
 * 421 Herakleion is impressed into the Delian League
 * 421 Cumae is annexed by
 * 421 Athens abandons the Siege of Stagira
 * 421 Delphi declares independence from Phocis
 * 421 Argulus,, Potidaea, Akanthus, Stageira and others join the Chalcidian League
 * , Argos,, and Achaea betray Sparta and switch to the Delian League
 * 419 Athens occupies Epidauros
 * King of Sparta attacks Argos, makes treaty.
 * , greatest land battle of war, gives Sparta victory over Argos, which violated treaty, Alcibiades thrown out, alliance ended.
 * 418 Orchmenos is occupied by Argos
 * 417 Orchmenos is given to Boeotia
 * 417 Sicyon joins the Peloponnesian League
 * 417 Epidauros is occupied by Sparta
 * 416 is sieged by Athens
 * Alcibiades makes plans, is restored to power.
 * 416 Selinus annexes Segesta's frontier provinces
 * i statues are mutilated in Athens, Alcibiades accused, asks for inquiry, told to set sail for battle, is condemned to death in absentia, he defects to.
 * 415 Many Syracusan cities rebel
 * 415-413
 * 414-413 Metapontion allies with Athens
 * , Athenian commander killed at Syracuse.
 * Nicias and Demosthenes killed at Syracuse
 * 413 Leontini and Kamarina are vassalized by Syracuse
 * 413 Herakleion is annexed by Makedonia
 * 413 Miletus and Khios betray Athens and join the Peloponnesian League
 * Alcibiades is expelled from Sparta, conspires to come back to Athens.
 * 412 Methymna is occupied by Sparta
 * 412 Klazomenai and Kyzikus betray Athens and join the Peloponnesian League
 * 412 Chios is sieged by Athens
 * 412 dies and is succeeded by
 * 411 Sparta allies with Persia
 * 411 Aspendos is annexed by Persia
 * 411 Kyzikus and Klazomenai are impressed into the Delian League
 * 411 is occupied by Boeotia
 * 411 Illios is annexes by
 * 411 Athens abandons the Siege of Chios
 * 411 Sparta leaves Methymna
 * 411 Euboea, Byzantium, Abydos, Andros, Antandrus, Lampsacus, Chalcedon and Rodos betray Athens and join the Peloponnesian League
 * 411 Abydos is overthrown by Dercylidas
 * 411 Selinus attacks Segesta once again and aggravates Carthage
 * 411 Athens is overthrown by the
 * After several successes, Athenian demagogue Cleophon rejects Spartan peace offers.
 * 410 Segesta is annexed by Carthage
 * 410 Four Hundred are overthrown by Athens
 * 409 Antandrus is annexed by Persia
 * 409 Abydos is sieged by Athens
 * 409 Sparta sieges Klazomenai
 * 409 Selinus and Himera are sacked by Carthage
 * Byzantium recaptured by Alcibiades for Athens.
 * 408 The 3 poleis of unite and build a new capital called Rodos
 * 408 Athens sieges Paleopoli
 * 408 Athens abandons Siege of Abydos
 * 408 Sparta abandons the Siege of Klazomenai
 * Alcibiades reenters Athens in triumph, Lysander, a Spartan commander, has fleet built at Ephesus.
 * 407 Thermae is founded by Carthage
 * 407 Athens abandons the Siege of Paleopoli
 * Lysander begins destruction of Athenian fleet, Alcibiades stripped of power.
 * 406 Sparta sieges Methymna
 * 406 Akragas is sacked by Carthage
 * , Spartan naval commander, loses over blockade of Mitylene harbor, Sparta sues for peace, rejected by Cleophon.
 * 405 Methymna is impressed into the Peloponnesian League
 * 405 Syracuse is overthrown by
 * 405 Melos is annexed by Sparta
 * 405 Gela, Kamarina and Akrillai is sacked by Carthage
 * 405 Carthage allow the people of the sacked cities to return as Carthaginian subjects and rebuild their cities
 * 405 Leontini and Morgantina declare independence from Syracuse
 * 405 Carthage annexes, Sicel and territory
 * The naval Battle of  in which Lysander captures the Athenian fleet, Spartan king besieges Athens, Cleophon executed, Corinth and Thebes demand destruction of Athens.
 * 405 Klazomenai and Ephesus betray Athens and join the All Carthaginian subjects (Except Ziz, their islands, Motya, Solus, Elymi, Segesta, and Entella) gain independence
 * esian League
 * Athens capitulates April 25. secures terms, prevents total destruction of Athens, Theramenes and Alcibiades are killed.
 * 404 Delian League is dissolved
 * 404 Korinth leaves the Peloponnesian League
 * 404 is overthrown by mercenaries loyal to Carthage
 * 404 Aygris becomes a Syracusan Subject
 * 404 Nafpaktos is annexed by Ozolian Locris
 * 404 Athens is overthrown by the
 * 404 Athens joins the Peloponnesian League
 * 403 Aeimnestus, who is loyal to Dionysius, overthrows Castrugiuvanni
 * 403 Aetna is overthrown by mercenaries loyal to Dionysius
 * 403 Dionysius destroys Naxos and Catania and Sicels split Naxos with Syracuse, Catania is ruled by Campanian mercenaries loyal to Dionysius
 * 403 Athens overthrows the Thirty
 * 403 Athens leaves the Peloponnesian League and refounds the Delian League
 * 402 Elis leaves the Peloponnesian League and is subsequently sieged by Sparta
 * 401 Euboea joins the Delian League
 * 401 Elis is sacked and impressed into the Peloponnesian League
 * 401 Dionysius free Castrugiuvanni from Aeimnestus
 * 401 Poseidonia is annexed by
 * Thucydides, Greek historian, leaves account of "" and Peloponnesian War at his death.
 * 400 is founded by Dionysius
 * 400 Aygris annexes Centuripe
 * , Greek philosopher, develops, believes cause and necessity, nothing comes out of nothing
 * 399 Illios declares independence from Lampsacus
 * 399 Sparta sways Persian Controlled Greek cities near to their side and march on  and siege it
 * , Greek philosopher, condemned to death for corrupting youth.
 * 398 Ionia joins the Peloponnesian League
 * 398 All Carthaginian subjects (Except, their islands, , , Elymi, Segesta, and Entella) gain independence from Carthage
 * 398 Dionysius sieges Segesta and Entella
 * 398 Mainland territory of Motya is occupied by Dionysius
 * 397 Motya is destroyed by Dionysius and the Carthaginians build to replace it
 * 397 Dionysius abandons the Sieges of Entella and Segesta
 * 397 Eryx, Segesta, Lipari, Messene and Entella are annexed by Carthage
 * 397 Carthage allies with the Sicel cities except
 * 397 is founded by Carthage to be a supply base, settled by Sicels
 * 397 Carthaginian forces have to go the long way around due to an eruption
 * 397 Catania is occupied by Carthage
 * 397
 * 397 Syracuse is sieged by Carthage
 * 396 Carthage lifts the and abandons Eastern Sicily except Messene and Lipari
 * 396 Himera and Selinus are annexed by Carthage
 * 396 Gela, Ergezio, Catania, Adranon, Kamarina and Leontini are annexed by Dionysius
 * 396 is founded by Dionysius to combat piracy and a base of operations
 * 396 Persia annexes Rodos
 * 396 Sparta campaigns in
 * 395 Sparta campaigns in Ionia, and march up to
 * 395 Orchmenus leaves the Boeotian League
 * 395 is annexed by Dionysius
 * 395 Mylae is annexed by Rhegion
 * 395 Argos, Korinthos and Boeotian League leave the Peloponnesian League
 * 394 Sparta withdraws from
 * 394 All Thracian and Anatolian Greek cities leave the Peloponnesian League (Except Sestos and Abydos)
 * 394 Virtually all Greek Anatolian cities are annexed by Persia
 * 394 Klazomenaites relocate to an island off shore
 * 394 Mylae is annexed by Syracuse
 * 393 Lipari is annexed by Syracuse
 * 393 is formed by Sybaris on the Traeis, Croton,, Thurii, Rhegium and
 * 393 Imbros, Lemnos and Skyros are annexed by Athens
 * 393 Makedonia starts paying tribute to the newly formed
 * 393 Chalcidian League annexes some Makedonian land
 * 392 Sparta occupies
 * 392 Heraclea Minoa, Akragas and Sicani territory are annexed by Carthage
 * 392 Sicel territory is annexed by Dionysius
 * 392 Makedonia stops paying tribute to Dardania
 * 392 Makedonia reannexes the land taken by the Chalcidian League
 * 392 is annexed by Dardania
 * 391 Korinth occupies
 * 391 Tauromenion is overthrown by mercenaries loyal to Dionysius
 * 391 Makedonia starts pays tribute to Dardania
 * 390 The joins the Peloponnesian League
 * 390 Dercylidas is succeeded by
 * 390 Himera is merged into Thermae
 * 390 Dionysius transfers control of Mylae to Messene
 * 390 Kroton is annexed by Syracuse
 * 390 Argos and Korinth unite into
 * 390 Castrugiuvani is annexed by Syracuse
 * 389 Metapontion is annexed by Syracuse
 * 389 Anaxibios is overthrown by Abydos
 * 387 Rhegion is annexed by Syracuse and renamed it to Phoebea
 * concluded between the Greeks and the Persians that leads to virtually all Greek cities in Asia Minor being annexed by Persia
 * 387 is founded by  settlers from, who gave it its name: Ancona stems from the Greek word Ἀγκών (Ankòn), meaning "elbow"
 * 387 Argos and Korinth split
 * 387 All cities gain independence and all league except the Peloponnesian League are disbanded
 * 386 Phlius becomes a democracy
 * 385 Dardania attacks
 * 385 The colonized the island of Pharos.
 * 384 Dionysius occupies Pyrgi and Caere
 * 384 Chalcidian League annexes Makedonia land including
 * 383 Gela gains independence from Syracuse
 * 383 Dionysius leaves
 * 383 sieges Pharos
 * 383 Potidaea leaves the Chalcidian League
 * 382 Thebes is overthrown by Leontiades and Archias
 * 382 Thebes is impressed into the Peloponnesian League
 * 380 Sparta sieges Phlius
 * 380 Makedonia recaptures their former territory
 * 379 Kroton is annexed by Dionysius
 * 379 Phlius is impressed into the Peloponnesian League
 * 379 The Chalcidian League is disbanded and its former members are impressed into the Peloponnesian League and Potidaea and Korinth also join the league
 * 379 Leontiades and Archias are overthrown and Thebes leaves the Peloponnesian League
 * 379 Sparta occupies
 * 378 overthrows Eretria
 * 377 The Boeotian League is refounded by Thebes
 * 376 Abdera is sacked by the and
 * 376 Thespiae and the rest of Boeotia are liberated and join the Boeotian League
 * 375 The Acarnanian League defects from the Peloponnesian League and joins the Delian League
 * 375 Chalcidian League is reestablished by Olynthus and joins the Delian League
 * 373 Kerkyra is sieged by Sparta
 * 371 Sparta leaves Kerkyra
 * 370 Gythium is occupied by Thebes
 * 370 is founded by Makedonia
 * 369 Korinth is overthrown by
 * 368 is founded
 * 367 is annexed by Dardania
 * 367 Kroton is annexed by
 * 366 declares independence from Athens with the help of Themison
 * 365 Opus requests Thebes to protect them from Athens and sends a garrison. Opus is impressed into the Boeotian League
 * 364 Timophanes is assassinated
 * 364 Orchmenus leaves the Boeotian League and is subsequently sieged by Thebes
 * 363 Orchmenus is impressed into the Boeotian League
 * 363 Pydna is impressed into the Delian League
 * 362 Themison dies and is succeeded by
 * 361 Potidaea and Torone are impressed into the Delian League and become Athenian Cluerchies
 * 360 Tauromenion overthrows the mercenaries and falls under the tyranny of Andromache
 * 360 Illios is overthrown by
 * 360 Abydos is overthrown by
 * 359 Charidemos is overthrown by Illios
 * 359 Dardania annexes and
 * 359 annexes,  and Pydna
 * 358 Archelaus is annexed by Makedonia
 * 358 Macedonia reannexes Lake Ohrid, and Upper Macedonia from Dardania
 * 358 Makedonia annexes
 * 357 Starts
 * 357, Khios, Rodos and Byzantium leave the Delian League
 * 357 Makedonia annexes Pydna and Amphipolis
 * 357 Dionysius II is overthrown by
 * 356 Phocis annexes Delphi
 * 356 Locris is annexed by Dionysius II
 * 356 Lemnos, Samos and Imbros is occupied by Chios and leave the Delian League
 * 356 Makedonia annexes, renames it and settles it with Makedonians
 * 356 Makedonian border set on river
 * 356 Potidaea and are annexed by Chalcidian League
 * 356 Makedonia sieges Methone
 * 356 Lokros is overthrown by Dionysius II
 * 355 Social War Ends
 * 355 is sieged by Phocis
 * 355 Dion is overthrown by
 * 354 Methone and Abdera are annexed by Makedonia
 * 354 Phocis abandons the Siege of Argolas
 * 354 is vassalized by Phocis
 * 353 Catania is annexed by Callipus
 * 353 Makedonia occupied Pagasae
 * 353 Thessaly is vassalized by Makedonia
 * 352 Callipus is overthrown by (Callipus keeps Catania)
 * 352 Nicodemus overthrows Centuripe
 * 352 Orchmenus and are occupied by Phocis
 * 351 Rhegion is annexed by Callipus
 * 350 Akanthus is annexed by Makedonia
 * 350 is founded by the  of Massalia, and was given the name of Nikaia (Νίκαια) in honour of a victory over the neighbouring ;  (Νίκη) was the  of victory.
 * 350 Hipparinos is overthrown by Aretaeus
 * 350 ousts Callippus from Catania
 * 349 Plutarch is expelled from Eretria
 * 349 Aretaeus is overthrown by
 * 348 Stagira is annexed by Makedonia
 * 348 Callipus is overthrown by
 * 347 Leontini is overthrown by
 * , Greek philosopher, founder of, dies.
 * 347 Methymna is overthrown by
 * 346 Phocis withdraws from Boeotia
 * 346 Dionysius II leaves Locris and overthrows Nysaios
 * 346 is sieged by
 * 346 Makedonia occupies Thermopylae and, Nicaea is occupied by Thessaly
 * 345 Makedonia withdraws from Thermopylae and Antikyra
 * 345 becomes a vassal of Macedonia
 * 345 Hicetas sieges Syracuse and seizes Syracuse's territory
 * 345 The Pro-Makedonian Tyrant overthrows Eretria
 * 345 Mainland is occupied by Hicetas leaving only the citadel in Dionysius' control
 * 344 Macedonia occupies Illios and annexes Tenedos
 * 344 Siege of Lyttos lifted by Knossos
 * 344 Knossos sieges
 * 344 Hicetas is repulsed by from Syracuse
 * 344 Timoleon takes control of all Syracusan forces outside the citadel
 * 343 Messene is rebuilt by Timoelon, Adranon is freed from mercenary control, Nicodemus is overthrown by Centuripe with help of Timoleon
 * 343 Timoleon annexes the citadel
 * 343 Siege of Kydonia is lifted by Knossos
 * 342 Rhegion is freed by Timoleon
 * ,, begins teaching Alexander, son of.
 * 341 Hipparchus is overthrown by Athenian forces and impressed into the Delian league
 * 341 Samothrace is annexed by Makedonia
 * 340 Antipolis (modern day ) is founded by Phocaean from.
 * 340 Skyros is annexed by Makedonia
 * 340 Entella is freed by Timoleon
 * 339 is occupied by Makedonia
 * 339 Agyris and Aetna are freed by Timoleon
 * 339 Nicaea is occupied by Boeotia
 * 338 Amphissa is annexed by Delphi
 * 338 Thyrea is annexed by Argos
 * 338 Mamercus dies
 * 338 Cumae is annexed by
 * 338 Leontini is freed by Timoleon
 * 338 Nafpaktos joins the Aetolian League
 * King Philip II of Macedon defeats Athens and Thebes at August 2 and establishes  during winter of 338 BC/337 BC.
 * 337 Amfissa declares independence from Delphi
 * 336 Timoleon dies
 * 336 is annexed by Makedonia
 * succeeds father Philip II, who was assassinated by.
 * 334 Andromache dies and his city is annexed by Syracuse
 * 333 is occupied by
 * Alexander defeats Persians at, but escapes.
 * 332 occupies, , Southern , , ,  and
 * 332
 * 332
 * Alexander conquers.
 * is founded by
 * 331 occupies Cosentia
 * 331
 * 331  is founded by Makedonian veterans
 * at October 1, Alexander ends  Dynasty and conquers.
 * 331 enters in
 * 331 Tauromenion is freed by Carthage
 * (East of, )
 * 330 Sparta joins the
 * 330, destruction of (modern )
 * 330-325 makes the earliest  voyage to  and the  for which there is a record.
 * Alexander conquers ,
 * 329 founds  in modern
 * 329-160.
 * 328 Sybaris on the Traeis is annexed by Bruttian League
 * 327 Oenidae is impressed into the Aetolian League
 * Under the command of the forces of the  captures the fortress of the . na and the  region came under Hellenic control
 * Alexander invades, but his army is despondent and refuses to march further eastwards.
 * 326
 * 326 Samos joins the Delian League
 * 326 (located on the  river, ) is founded by  in memory of his beloved horse
 * 325 serving under  discovers  (the name used by the Greeks to refer to ).
 * 324 Kroton is overthrown by
 * 324, one of last cities before his death, is established at the head of the  (modern ) replacing a small Persian settlement, Durine.
 * 326
 * 326 Samos joins the Delian League
 * 326 (located on the  river, ) is founded by  in memory of his beloved horse
 * 325 serving under  discovers  (the name used by the Greeks to refer to ).
 * 324 Kroton is overthrown by
 * 324, one of last cities before his death, is established at the head of the  (modern ) replacing a small Persian settlement, Durine.

Hellenistic Greece

 * (323 BC – 146 BC).
 * King Alexander dies, his generals vie for power in
 * – First War of the Diadochi.
 * , Greek playwright, wins Athenian prize.
 * founds his school in Athens.
 * (near modern, )
 * founds his philosophic school in Athens.
 * , also known as Seleucia-on-Tigris or Seleucia on the Tigris (modern ) is founded by
 * , is founded by in honor of his father
 * , Greek mathematician, publishes , treating both geometry and number theory (see also ).
 * falls to, killed.
 * Creation of the.
 * The of Aspálathos (Aσπάλαθος) is founded (modern day ).
 * , Greek mathematician, develops, , ; anticipates discoveries of integral calculus.
 * is founded by merchant adventurers from
 * of the Greco-Bactrians led expeditions as far as and  in, leading to the first known contacts between China and the West.
 * Attack of the Indo-Greeks on, a magnificent fortified city with 570 towers and 64 gates according to , who describes the ultimate destruction of the city's walls.
 * King of  founds the city of Attaleia or  in his honour.
 * The of Aspálathos (Aσπάλαθος) is founded (modern day ).
 * , Greek mathematician, develops, , ; anticipates discoveries of integral calculus.
 * is founded by merchant adventurers from
 * of the Greco-Bactrians led expeditions as far as and  in, leading to the first known contacts between China and the West.
 * Attack of the Indo-Greeks on, a magnificent fortified city with 570 towers and 64 gates according to , who describes the ultimate destruction of the city's walls.
 * King of  founds the city of Attaleia or  in his honour.
 * is founded by merchant adventurers from
 * of the Greco-Bactrians led expeditions as far as and  in, leading to the first known contacts between China and the West.
 * Attack of the Indo-Greeks on, a magnificent fortified city with 570 towers and 64 gates according to , who describes the ultimate destruction of the city's walls.
 * King of  founds the city of Attaleia or  in his honour.
 * of the Greco-Bactrians led expeditions as far as and  in, leading to the first known contacts between China and the West.
 * Attack of the Indo-Greeks on, a magnificent fortified city with 570 towers and 64 gates according to , who describes the ultimate destruction of the city's walls.
 * King of  founds the city of Attaleia or  in his honour.
 * Attack of the Indo-Greeks on, a magnificent fortified city with 570 towers and 64 gates according to , who describes the ultimate destruction of the city's walls.
 * King of  founds the city of Attaleia or  in his honour.
 * Attack of the Indo-Greeks on, a magnificent fortified city with 570 towers and 64 gates according to , who describes the ultimate destruction of the city's walls.
 * King of  founds the city of Attaleia or  in his honour.
 * Attack of the Indo-Greeks on, a magnificent fortified city with 570 towers and 64 gates according to , who describes the ultimate destruction of the city's walls.
 * King of  founds the city of Attaleia or  in his honour.
 * Attack of the Indo-Greeks on, a magnificent fortified city with 570 towers and 64 gates according to , who describes the ultimate destruction of the city's walls.
 * King of  founds the city of Attaleia or  in his honour.